In addition to preliminary studies of flora, fauna, society and archaeology, companies undertaking exploration carry out several stages:
– Prospecting: In this phase, geophysical, geochemical and geological techniques are applied to identify areas where there is mineral potential. For example…
o Geophysics: Methods such as magnetometry, gravimetry, radiometry and electromagnetics are used to detect variations in the physical properties of the subsurface.
o Geochemistry: Soil, rock and water samples are analysed to detect anomalous concentrations of elements that could indicate the presence of mineralisation.
o Geology: Detailed geological mapping is carried out to understand the geology of the area and identify structures favourable for mineralisation.
– Drilling: Once the areas of interest are defined, drilling is carried out at strategic points to obtain rock samples. These samples reveal the composition of the deposit and help determine its size and potential economic value.
– Sample analysis: The samples obtained are sent to specialised laboratories for chemical and mineralogical analysis. These results are essential to define the quality and quantity of the minerals found.
Exploration is the only means of discovering new mineral deposits that can be commercially exploited.
By analysing the quality and size of deposits, companies can make informed decisions about the continuity and feasibility of a project.